The Rules Of Courtly Love Essay - 2118 Words

To what extent are the rules of courtly love followed in part 3 of the poem? Sir Gawain and the green knight is an alliterative poem from the late 14th century and is the oldest illuminated Middle English script that we have, it fortunately survived a fire in the 18th century that destroyed much of a private northern library. It was previously unknown until it was published in the 18th century due to the Victorian fascination with anything medieval. The poet is thought to be anonymous, the only other works that we have from the Gawain poet are Patience, Purity and Pearl which were first published in 1864.It is believed that they were written in the same hands as Sir Gawain and the Green Knight because all the text were accompanied by the same series of pictures. We know that the poem was passed down through the oral tradition before it was eventually written down again and again, until the editions we know would have been recorded by monks. Due to the anonymity of the poet we can only infer where he or she was from, many scholars argue that the poem reflects Cheshire dialect and concluded from this that both the poet himself and the person who wrote it were from Cheshire. From the poem it can be concluded that the poet was fairly well educated, he may have not been a professional but still had a background in theology and was well read in French books and was therefore informed about courtly behaviour. Many literary scholars have argued that the poem was written to beShow MoreRelatedRules Of Courtly Love : The Outcome Of William Shakespeare s The Miller s Tale1836 Words   |  8 PagesRules of Courtly Love; the outcome In the Middle Ages it was very common for people to follow the methods of Courtly Love. Courtly Love is the way they chose to find love, they worshiped the woman to get her attention and they also did things such as show noble and heroic character by doing deeds. This method of love came with a set of rules that some chose to follow while others didn’t. The lovers were knights and they were chivalrous men with noble standards. When dealing with love we all wantRead More Courtly Love Essay1342 Words   |  6 PagesCourtly Love â€Å"‘Tis better to have loved and lost than never to have loved at all† (Miriam-Webster 253). This quote has been used for centuries as both persuasion in favor of loving and also as comfort in times of heartbreak and loss. However, is this statement completely true, or does it offer false hope to anguishing lovers? In fact, are the rules and costs of loving and being loved so great that in fact it is actually better to never have loved at all? When pondering these questions, oneRead MoreChivalry And Courtly Love In The Knights Tale1140 Words   |  5 Pagesstory of the two knights Palamon and Arcite who fall deeply in love with Princess Emily, a member of Theseus’ kingdom. Even though both knights are imprisoned within a tower, each finds a way to escape jail and try to win Emily. Ultimately, this leads to a duel between the two knights for which the prize is the hand of Emily. Chaucer uses the knights to reflect the very male-oriented time period through the strong chivalry and courtly love displayed towards Emily, when in reality, he was trying to exposeRead More The Contradiction of Chivalry and Courtly Love Essays899 Words   |  4 PagesThe Contradiction of Chivalry and Courtly Love Two conflicting disciplines are prevalent throughout Arthurian Legend; that of chivalry and that of courtly love. The ideal of each clash throughout the medieval tales, and it is impossible to interfuse the two models for society. Chivalry is a masculine code, an aggressive discipline, whereas courtly love is based upon women - their needs, wants, and desires. The consistent problem if Lancelot and Guinevere’s adulterous relationship in differentRead MoreCourtly Love in William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Essay835 Words   |  4 PagesCourtly Love in William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet In the Elizabethan era men would go to all extremes to show women how much they loved them. This was called Courtly love. Around this time, men were expected to declare their love for a woman like this, and the women enjoyed the men telling them how beautiful they were. Men who wished for a woman to love them back would carry on wooing their mistresses until necessary or until their mistresss fell in love with themRead MoreSir Gawain And The Green Knight1539 Words   |  7 Pagesreadings and one being Sir Gawain and The Green Knight. In this poem a lot goes on to do with love and relationships between people. Family is a key part in this poem and without family none of the events would have taken place. Family doesn’t always mean smiles and roses and in this poem you see what hatred does to families. Although you see hatred from one side of the family the other side you see strong love for one another. People will do crazy things good or bad to and for their family and in thisRead MoreA Story Of Romantic Love Or Courtly Love899 Words   |  4 PagesMarie: Tell me, is yours a story of romantic love or courtly love? Francesca: Mine is a story of romantic love; of passion and lustfulness. Marie: Go on, please. Francesca: I had been married to Gianciotto, an old and deformed man. As time went on, I began to fall for Gianciotto’s younger brother, Paolo. One day, Paolo and I sat reading from a book when we came across a rather intense romantic scene. We got caught up in the heat of the moment, and ended up kissing. Marie: And then? Francesca:Read MoreEssay on The Wife of Bath: Illustrating Courtly Love956 Words   |  4 PagesIn the Middle Ages, when The Canterbury Tales was written, society became captivated by love and the thought of courtly and debonair love was the governing part of all relationships and commanded how love should be conducted. These principles changed literature completely and created a new genre dedicated to brave, valorous knights embarking on noble quests with the intention of some reward, whether that be their life, lover, or any other want. The Canterbury Tales, written in the 14th century byRead MoreMillers Tale Essay1031 Words   |  5 PagesDo you believe that Chaucer thinks courtly love provides a useful set of rules and behaviors to guide man and women in their relationship? By analyzing two of the major characters, Nicholas and Absalon, and their relative success in relationships, explain what you believe Chaucer is telling us about courtly love though this tale. The Millers tale story is about two characters that were pursuing the attention and affection of the beautiful Alison who was married to John the carpenter. TheseRead MoreThe Law of Chevalrie: Courtly Love Essay1240 Words   |  5 Pagesto be a set of laws established for the knights of the Anglo-Saxon era, the law of chevalrie was created. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight has some insight into the rules of chivalry concerning one specifically: courtly love. The rules of â€Å"courtly love† require wit and deceit with an intention of good behind it. The chivalric rules in this aspect require a good and clever battle with words rather than swords. Key Passage: Smiling gently and courteously they made playful speech, So that all that

Essay about Fighting Terrorism Without Invading Privacy

â€Å"In the long, twilight struggle against Communism, we had been reminded that the very liberties that we sought to preserve could not be sacrificed at the altar of national security â€Å" (â€Å"Obama’s Speech On†¦Ã¢â‚¬  1). One of these very civil liberties, recently recognized by the United Nations, is the â€Å"right to privacy in the digital age†. Although the actions of the United Nations are not legally binding, it is evident that the right to Internet privacy is becoming increasingly important in the international world. Breaches in Internet privacy have become commonplace as Social Security and credit card numbers are stolen along with passwords to bank accounts and social media sites. Breaches in Internet privacy have become especially problematic in†¦show more content†¦For example, Facebook was found to not delete information from their servers every 90 days as claimed placing in jeopardy information of accounts on their serves that hav e been deactivated for years (â€Å"Facebook Does Not†¦Ã¢â‚¬  1). Currently, there is no solution that deals with Internet privacy as a whole. Although measures have been taken to protect the right to digital privacy, such as the Supreme Court ruling in 1972 that ruled warrantless wiretaps illegal, much of this action has been turned around by post 9/11 legislation such as the Patriot Act which has increased the amount of surveillance the government can enact legally (Issitt 1). In previous years, net neutrality has been thought of as a breakthrough in the digital age and a good, comprehensive solution that could protect the people right to digital privacy. Net neutrality is the idea of having a basic, decentralized Internet in which all data is treated in the same exact way and transported at the same exact speeds in an anonymous fashion. Forms of net neutrality are widely used in telephones, shipping, and public utilities. For these services, net neutrality has worked as it has allowed for anonymity and lack of priority. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) stopped the use of net neutrality as well as any form of regulation on the Internet that deals with Internet privacy. While many are at a loss of words as toShow MoreRelatedHomeland Security Essay1407 Words   |  6 Pagesmost controversial issues facing this country with one of the most controversial being the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). Created in November of 2002 and concepted just two weeks after the attacks, the DHS focuses in five goals; prevent terrorism and enhance security, secure and manage the borders, enforce and administer immigration laws, safeguard and secure cyberspace, and ensure resilience to disasters. In order to achieve these goals, intelligence is necessary. The Office of IntelligenceRead MoreSurveillance Program Unethical Use Of Computer1628 Words   |  7 PagesPrograms created by US Government to invade people s privacy It is primary mission that governments protect its people, and this protection includes using some software programs to monitor suspicious activities that could be caught on the web or from telecom communications. However, would this act invade people s privacy? Would these programs restrict the people freedom? Is this program unethical use of computer? There has been a case similar to that situation when the US government used nationalRead MoreElimination of the Fourth Ammendment: Freedom and Privacy Essay856 Words   |  4 Pagesconstitution and eliminate the fourth amendment. It is not necessary to collect all of the US citizen’s data and invade their privacy in order to fight terrorism. The government tells the people it is necessary because they have a secret agenda. The burden of worrying about someone reading one’s emails, listening to one’s phone calls, and ultimately invading one’s privacy is called tyranny. The absence of those worries is called liberty. In recent times the US government has been called out, onRead More9/11 and the Ongoing Threat of Terrorism829 Words   |  3 Pagesresponse to the attack, the United States launched a global War on Terrorism, invading Afghanistan to depose the Taliban region (who had harbored al-Qaeda), enacted the US Patriot Act, and formulated a policy to rid the Middle East of terrorist or terror-sponsored States. After the 9/11 attacks, U.S. security policy received myopic scrutiny and there were a number of changes made so that America could anticipate and prevent acts of terrorism. A new Cabinet Level Department was formed, Homeland SecurityRead MoreThe Government Wants Your Dna Database Generated By Forensic Investigation1309 Words   |  6 Pagesdatabase generated by forensic investigation to cover the entire population for the purpose of solving and controlling crime and terrorism. Understandably, many concerns arise when such confidential and sensitive personal data are stored indefinitely on a DNA database. Who could guarantee that this information would not be used in ways that threaten people’s individual privacy and rights and that of their families? Access to an individual’s forensic DNA profile can track the individual or his relativesRead MoreEssay about Impact of Terrorism on our Civil Liberties 1542 Words   |  7 PagesSince the attacks on 9/11 the terrorism threat has still not subsided. Threats come and go and many people are on high alert, either by judging race, activities, or for protection. The attacks of 9/11 have caused national panic in ways to counter terror threats. Many hurdles have been crossed such as the death of Osama Bin laden and the capture of many potential terrorists. Due to the many forms of terrorism, the plethora of new technology, and the increase in the network infrastructure, some controlRead MorePersonal Pri vacy or National Security2424 Words   |  10 PagesPersonal Privacy or National Security William Shelton ENG122: English Composition Prof. Lisa Clark August 7, 2012 Defining National Security VS Personal Privacy is a matter of looking at the basic nature of each. From research collected there is a consensus that we need balance. Too much of one hurts the other and vise versa. There are a couple of articles that range from Civil Liberties to the birth of public right to know that support the overall claim. Talks about the effects of censorshipRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 1984 1608 Words   |  7 Pagesin the world, and that criminal investigators use forced interrogation to convict innocent civilians. In New York City, police are allowed to stop and question citizens if they seem suspicious, even frisk them for hidden weapons or contrabands, without a warrant. According to the New York Civil Liberties Union (NYCLU), officers in New York stopped about 97,000 people for questioning in 2002, the earliest year of recorded data. This number has risen dramatically, to about 686,000 stops in 2011Read MoreThe Patriot Act A Condensed Versi on Of The Framework2070 Words   |  9 Pagesof domestic terrorism in the United States. However, if not properly utilized, there will be, and should be a strong public reaction against the Act due to its extensive range of authority. Many provisions in the Act apply to American citizens, and we will be affected. A Violation of American Freedoms: The Patriot Act Introduction The U.S.A. Patriot Act creates significant expanded powers to federal and state law enforcement agencies to fight against terrorism in the UnitedRead MoreDrone Technology And The Issue1699 Words   |  7 Pagesbiggest issue dominating ethical and legal discussions about drones is the concern about privacy. There are plenty of news articles about upset beachgoers and private property owners whose privacy has been invaded by private drone operators. Talking about moral concerns of the drone technology, according to the new military morality, to kill while exposing one s life to danger is bad, to take lives without ever endangering one s own is good. Drone technology itself neither smart nor dumb, neither

Differences Between Pow Camps free essay sample

These prisoners would be sent to camp where they would be forced to do different kinds of work. Depending on what country you got captured by, what would happen to you would differ. This essay will focus on three of the different kinds of camps, the Germans, the Japanese, and the Allies. In Germany, before being taken away to a camp, prisoners had to pass an interrogation. Because of the Geneva Convention prisoners only had to give their name, rank, and serial number. German camps were usually rows of barracks enclosed by a barbed fence, lined with guard towers. These towers contained guards that would shoot any escaping prisoner. POWs were given two meals a day consisting of soup and bread, though this was not enough, and most had to coop with hunger. Sometimes the Red Cross would bring items such as butter, chocolate, or condensed milk. Only some of men had to work while the others had to survive from the boredom. We will write a custom essay sample on Differences Between Pow Camps or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When weather was nice the prisoners were allowed to play a wide variety of sports and sometimes they even got to enjoy concerts put on by German bands. Out of the 140,000 Prisoners of war in Japanese camps, about one third of them died from starvation, punishment for disobedience, and disease. The POWs were treated very poorly because the Japanese did not follow the rules set in place by the Geneva Convention. The POWs were forced to work in mines, fields, shipyards and factories for twelve hours a day. If any disobedience was sensed in a prisoner, they would be beaten. The little food they were given included soy beans, seaweed, rice, and once a month, fish. Escape from Japanese camps was very rare. When somebody was caught trying to escape they would be killed in front of other prisoners. In some camps ten prisoners would be killed for every one prisoner that was caught escaping. You would be treated either poorly or nicely in allied camps, depending on whether you were captured by Soviets or by English and Americans. If sent to Russia, POWs were given little food and were forced to take aggressive classes on communist ideals. Of the 90,000 Germans captured, about only 5,000 returned from Russia, and most of them were only let out ten years after the war had ended. Prisoners in America and Britain got it much better. Never short of food, were Prisoners always well fed. Medical supplies were always available and POWs were always taken care of. Though little, Prisoners were paid for the work they did for the Allies. Thousands of them attempted to escape, but all were recaptured. There is only one known escape in North America.

Violence and Music free essay sample

Violent music can only stir emotions in a person, and if that person commits a crime, then it is that persons own fault. For the song did not go into the street and rob a person or shoot a person opening a door. This article gives the reactions of National Political Congress of Black Woman Chairwoman C. Dolores Tucker, Empower America Co-Director William Bennett and Senator Joseph Lieberman on the topic of MAC releasing CDC that promote violence, degrade women and contain liberal doses of profanity and sexually explicit language. Their mall focus was upon the releases of Marilyn Manson and Tuba Shaker.Some music containing lyrics that m ay offend people is a good point, but a statistic showing the amount of new releases containing parental advisory would be stronger. The National Association of Recording Merchandisers made the best point of the argument that parents are best positioned to make informed decisions about music purchases. A parent that Interacts with his or her child would not allow such a graphic CD to be purchased especially If the child Is under the age of sixteen or seventeen. Many stores that sell CDC containing parental advisory do not sell such CDC to minors because of possible legal liability.These examples make Tucker, Bennett and Liebermann argument of banning all explicit music very weak. There needs to be more evidence of how bad explicit lyrics can be to children. Also Tucker makes a comment of selling pornography to children Is Illegal, this is agreeable, but that all explicit lyrics are pornographic Is very disagreeable; she does not specifically make this claim, but It can be understood by her comment. Tucker , Bennett and Lieberman could be so headstrong against Shaker and Manson because neither can relate to the message in the lyrics. Tuba Shaker is known for his lyrics to reflect his life experiences on theWest Coast in California, and it is highly probable that Ms. Tucker, Mr.. Bennett and Senator Lieberman have not had a full experience of living in the ghetto surrounded by warring gangs. Senator Liebermann focus Is Americas broken culture and the subcommittee is about children carrying weapons and well-known businesses giving the children violent celebrating music. He believes that societys worst problem is the belief that anything goes. This belief exists because of the power of trendsetters and their lack of responsibility of this power on impressionable children. Lieberman lives songs by some trendsetters are very disgusting and offensive, which creates a culture of violence that desensitizing children. Lieberman also mentions the dispute between Tuba Shaker and the Notorious B. I. G. The life portrayed by these two rappers and the music channels make the thug life seem more appealing than its actuality. Lieberman makes some good points in his arguments, but he also makes a weak point. His weak point is that the people behind the records companies need face the problem that some of their products are causing and stop hiding behind the first amendment. A stronger statement would be if Lieberman gave actual evidence of a problem caused by the music. Overall, he makes good points that explicit CDC should not be easily available to children. An article written by Warwick McFadden clearly shows his disgust with German skinhead punk band Landler. McFadden sees this type of music to be of nihilism dressed up in coats of rage and steel-pointed boots of violence. The members of the band have been banned as a terrorist organization where three members were recently charged with provoking hat red.In Germany, hate crimes are not taken lightly; the police have seized numerous CDC intonating race-hate lyrics. McFadden believes that bands on the Emporium label, one of few groups to support Landler, are a group of the apoplectic bully. Such an opinion shows McFadden disgust with punk rock music. McFadden gives a statement from a government official and prosecutor Kay Enemy saying that punk rock music is extremely right wing that leads to violence against foreigners and people who do not have the same neo-Nazi ideas.Although some of Oleanders lyrics praise Rudolf Hess, Hitters deputy, and charges of provoking hatred, McFadden does not give much support of their music causing any violence. Violence may pave a path for violent acts, but the lyrics do not actually cause violence; therefore he makes a weak argument. Medias main focus is on the shame of glorifying violent African Americans and portraying Tuba Shaker as an innocent. Shaker has an arts center and garden to open in 2003 in his honor and other victims of violence. This is not seen as appropriate in Medias opinion because Shaker had a history of being in jail for various charges. Many given examples of Shakers charges support Medias statement of Shaker not being an innocent, such as when Shaker attacked director Allen Hughes of Menace II Society, which resulted in a Jail sentence. All of Shakers violent acts came back to him when he was robbed and shot in New York; and three years later when he was shot again, but this time it ended his life of twenty-five years. Shakers music reflects the degrading and ultimately racist notion that criminal violence represents and essential and authentic element of African- American identity. The violence that occurs in some African American communities was a part of Shakers life experiences, so he wrote about the community in his songs. American society has grown accustomed to particular violence associated with African Americans because of the media or personal experience. Although such behavior is expected, it still causes people to scorn police for shooting an African two ways to change them would be to change the roles of African Americans in movies and try to implement a program to slow crime rates in violent African American communities.Dry. Frank Pabulum of the American Academy of Pediatrics addresses the Senate subcommittee on the social impact of music violence. Pediatricians of adolescents realize that music is important to a teenagers evolving identity. Dry. Pabulum makes a strong point that there are no records in studies of a cause-and-effect relationship between explicit lyrics and changed behavior. This point has been forgotten in the many read editorials that criticize musicians lyrics. Dry. Pabulum makes an agreeable statement that . .. He belief that our country, including its youth, is losing its moral center. The statement is agreeable because there are large amounts of violence portrayed in the media that people become desensitizing to the seriousness of violence. So the American society should, Acknowledge the responsibility parents, the music industry and others have in helping to foster the nations children. To further his strong argument, Pabulum states recommendations of the Academy, such as parents interacting with their children on watching television and music exposure.Pabulums testimony to the Senate subcommittee is strong because he gives the issue at hand and possible solutions. This editorial makes a strong point that the violence in the African American community affects everyone. Another strong point stated is the violence in rap music and culture reflects and reinforces the violence in black communities cross America. Many people who criticize rap music seem to be making the assumption that all rappers glorify violence, sex and drugs in their songs.The recently slain rapper Jam Master Jay of Run DIM and Ill Romeo are two of many rappers who do not glorify violence- both rap about sneakers, basketball and girls. The editorial also states that it is a matter of opinion to whether any song Just reflects the reality of many African Americans or validates violence. A change must begin in the studio and in the communities with the negative messages. The messages of lenience in songs are destructive to the African American community and messages of a simple, rich life is a lie that can have an enormous affect on impressionable youth of any community that listens to rap music.

Communication Fundamentals Essay Example

Communication Fundamentals Essay An emergency Is considered to be a set of circumstances clearly beyond your control that has prevented your attendance. Legitimate written documentation must be authentic paperwork from a credible, validating source. A believable account of your difficult (or perhaps even tragic) circumstances will not serve in place of verifying documentation. Make-up exams (with documentation) must be completed within seven days of the originally scheduled exam. During the exam, if you leave the room for any reason, you must first submit your exam for grading. When you submit your completed exam for grading, you must show your ASS ID card to verify your identification. Your exam will not be accepted for grading without an ASS ID. So be sure to bring your ASS ID card with you to the exam. If you arrive for an exam after the first person finishing his or her test has left, you will not be allowed to take the exam. Examination Procedures The exam will consist of 40 multiple-choice questions, with four answers provided for each question. We will write a custom essay sample on Communication Fundamentals specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Communication Fundamentals specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Communication Fundamentals specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer You will need to select the single best answer for each question (two points for each correct selection, 80 points total). You will have 60 minutes to complete the exam from the time it is distributed. You will have ample time to read each test item carefully and respond to each test item thoughtfully. Test items are not intended to be tricky, but rather to assess the depth of your understanding. To record your answers for grading, a Cantors form will be provided with your test. However, you will need to bring a pencil and eraser. Unclear responses on the Cantors form will negatively impact your score. Dont expect hints and clues from the Instructor during the exam period. Examination Preparation The outline of testable material below is intended to serve as a study checklist, directing you to testable material in the Lecture Notes, as well as in the textbook (pages of corresponding textbook material are indicated in parentheses). The exam is NOT designed to assess your recollection level of course material that youve memorized. Instead, it is designed to assess your comprehension level of course material that youve understood. So dont prepare for the test by using the Lecture Notes as a script to memorize. Rather, use the Lecture Notes as a way to evaluate and enhance your own understanding. To evaluate and enhance your comprehension level of course material, heres an effective way to prepare. For each bullet point In the Lecture Notes, attempt to rephrase or explain it in a way that Is clear enough for your mother to understand. If you can clearly explain the point to another intelligent person, then you probably comprehend that item. If not, then you with a small group of classmates will enable participants to clarify for each other items that are not fully understood. Outline of Testable Material from Unit 1 Communication Fundamentals Communication Studies What, Where, and How (3-9, 31-50) Distinctions between communications and communication Communications views communication narrowly. Simplistic one-way flow of broadcast info. Focuses on technology channels of the media (TV, film, radio, internet, etc. ) Communication views communication broadly Any facet of the process of human interaction Focus on human messaging (contexts, interpretations, responses, influences, etc. ) Nature and benefits of studying human symbolic activity Symbolic activity enables people to understand, connect with, and influence each other Humans are characterized by the capability to express thoughts, feelings, and experiences through symbols Benefits of studying: Reveal how it enables people to understand/learn from each other, producing growth in intelligence and maturity Reveal how it enables people to connect and relate with each other, creating relationships, groups, organizations, and culture. Reveal how it enables people to influence and impact each other, affecting changes in perceptions, beliefs, values, attitudes, and actions Language, Meanings, and Messages (9-20) Components of the communication process and how they complicate mutual understanding Components of communication process Encoding coding meaning into symbols Transmitting sending coded message via selected channel Receiving discerning coded message from its channel Decoding translating coded message into meaning Complicated by noise Noise originates from the mind psychological noise Noise originates from the body physiological noise Noise originates from the setting environmental noise Complicated by context Varying backgrounds, experiences, and cultures of each communicator Type of relationship and various relational expectations existing between communicators Influencing characteristics of the situation (preceding, present, and subsequent events) and setting (physical location) Nature of language, messages, and meanings in communication Language Codes Set of symbols shared by a community Exchanged through messages of packed symbols. Reductionism always reduces (imperfectly represents meanings) How miscommunication and misunderstanding can be minimized Express meaning and seek feedback Listen for meaning and offer feedback Communication Competence Relationship between fundamental human needs and human communication Human needs: Safety need to feel protected from dangers, difficulties, and privations that threaten our physical well-being Security the need to feel relationally accepted, cherished, and unconditionally loved by others Self-efficacy the need to feel that weve impacted our world in a way that makes a difference through our own unique capabilities. Significance the need to feel appreciated, respected, and esteemed by others for our worthwhile contributions Only cooperation accomplished through immunization can satisfy our fundamental needs If we dont communicate, then we will die physically or psychologically Nature of communication competence components: Four prerequisite factors for competent communication knowledge and skill (capabilities); passion and compassion (motivations) Knowledge (know what to say) Skill (know how to say it) Passion (care about what to say) Compassion (care about who its said to) Two subsequent outcomes of competent communication appropriateness and effectiveness Appropriateness (satisfies our expectations) Effectiveness (accomplishes my goals) Implications of two competency dimensions of every communicated message relationship and content Competent communicators think before they speak Frank (low relationship/high content) think about how our relationship should govern/guide what is said Friendly (high relationship/low content) think about how my goals can be clearly and convincingly articulated) Communication Ethics Three communication characteristics necessitating ethical communication. Communication is: Unavoidable (one cannot not communicate) Irrevocable (a message cant be reeled back in like a fishing line) Consequential others will respond with thoughts, feelings, or actions) Distinctions between ethically and legality Ethics: Beneficial or harmful antecedent causes and influences described as qualities of human character Morals: Beneficial or harmful subsequent outcomes and effects described as consequential human conduct. Legal Constraint: Externally imposed codes that command/require Impotent unless enforced with only short-lived effects Demands rote behavioral compliance Ethical Character: Internally rooted convictions that convince and inspire Potent absent of enforcement with enduring effects Dynamic and flexible principles that guide and direct Enables wise situational discernment Dialectics of ethical communication conveying and responding to messages Com. Dialects: principles that are best practiced in a state of tension, helping to avoid destructive forms of unrestrained extreme speech Dialect of conveying messages: Sincere truthfulness (convey truth honestly) Caring respect (show same concern/dignity would want from them) Dialect of responding to messages: Thoughtful evaluation (ponder/scrutinize to make discerning Judgments) Human testability (open minded learner, no one knows everything) Verbal Communication (107-133). Two functions of verbal communication conveying and creating perceptions of reality To share thoughts and convey perceptions of reality To shape thoughts and create perceptions of reality Distinctions between denotative and connotative semantics Denotative Semantics: Symbolize commonly shared perceptions of reality held by those in a language community. Characterized by consistency and universality Connotative Semantics: symbolize unique meanings that are laden with personal values and individual experiences. Found in the minds of individuals. Characterized y personal meanings that may be shared by an in-group, but not by the language community at large Function of syntax in verbal communication Sense-making through systematic arrangement of words Guidelines for competently conveying and creating perceptions of reality Use verbal language to clarify cognition to share and convey perceptions Speak and write correctly by employing the communication conventions of the language community. Speak and write precisely by defining abstract terms and illustrating with concrete examples Avoid unfamiliar and inappropriate language, such as vulgarity and pesticides vocabulary Use language to incite imagination to effectively shape and create perceptions Employ evocative words laden with connotative meaning to foster new perceptions of reality. Provide figurative language tropes through stories, metaphors, and analogies Reveal uncommon insights into commonplace circumstances (Vive never thought of it that way before) Nonverbal Communication (137-155) Role and importance of nonverbal communication in seeking mutual understanding Technology can degrade the richness of human communication Actions speak louder than words Many of the meaning cues in a message are communicated nonverbally When verbal and non-verbal message conflict, people believe the non-verbal messages oculists, proteomics, hepatics, and objective. Vocalic: communicating with your voice Tone, volume, articulation, pauses Kinesics: communicating with your movements Facial expressions, hand/arm gestures, movement Oculists: communicating with your eyes Interested and caring or bored and distracted Honest and truthful or hiding and deceiving Wink, roll eyes, blink, eye contact Proteomics: communicating with your position. Personal space invasion leads to flight response Personal territory invasion leads to fight response Hepatics: communicating through physical contact Objective: communicating with inanimate items Appearance personal grooming and apparel, artifacts (visual aids). Perception, Learning, and Listening (84-102, 163-177) Purposes for listening interpretation, identification, inspiration, evaluation, coordination, and education Interpretation: to understand others by assigning Identification: to foster relational connections Inspiration: to be impacted and motivated Evaluation: to assess perspectives and issues Coordination: to organize and harmonize efforts. Education: to learn and grow in intelligence Levels of listening and learning to remember (recognizing and recalling); to comprehend (analyzing and synthesizing); to implement (evaluating and applying) Listening to remember employing rote memorization that enables: (ILL) Recognition identify message elements with prompting (ALL) Recall generating message elements without prompting Listening to comprehend-employing attentive interpretation that enables: (ALL) Analysis inferring meanings from various message details.

Free Essays on Truman Impact Revionist

The Truman Impact There was a great deal of deep mutual suspicions made from Truman’s impact. Truman did not succeed the Fair Deal in playing in America’s own reflection of social needs and aspiration of individuals. The society did not necessarily agree to their own consensus message of themselves and what Truman was appearing to fear us with. Then, his choice and own collective agreements played a role in disagreeing to the ideal of another society and started Truman’s doctrine to his own benefit. Truman did not want communism to spread so he used his ideals on pressing that there is no alternative for understanding of communism, by setting up programs to excommunicate communism in America. Then this brings up the question; did we not start the Mexican war on the same grounds? The society did not necessarily agree to the consensus that appeared to them and nor did that what Truman was appearing to fear us with the Korean War was an idea to concise us with. Truman’s moral ideals had tried to shape a society within 1945 to 1952. America under Truman was the only country to use the atomic bomb. This helped to create a deep mutual suspicion between the Soviet Union, and had made Truman appear to be involved in affairs, which he did not have much understanding of, or lack of even trying to understand. It is in my firm belief that revisionists are right! There was a great deal of deep mutual suspicions made from Truman’s impact. Truman did not succeed the fair deal because of the spending of too much economics and time into foreign policies. He did not even have much awareness and understanding of foreign policies. Truman tried to set up a fair deal that would save liberalism. This would help America to have its own body of reflection on the role that society needed. At first, Truman did set up programs such as the Employment Act of 1946, The Wagner Taft Housing Act 1949, and National Health Insurance. All of these progr... Free Essays on Truman Impact Revionist Free Essays on Truman Impact Revionist The Truman Impact There was a great deal of deep mutual suspicions made from Truman’s impact. Truman did not succeed the Fair Deal in playing in America’s own reflection of social needs and aspiration of individuals. The society did not necessarily agree to their own consensus message of themselves and what Truman was appearing to fear us with. Then, his choice and own collective agreements played a role in disagreeing to the ideal of another society and started Truman’s doctrine to his own benefit. Truman did not want communism to spread so he used his ideals on pressing that there is no alternative for understanding of communism, by setting up programs to excommunicate communism in America. Then this brings up the question; did we not start the Mexican war on the same grounds? The society did not necessarily agree to the consensus that appeared to them and nor did that what Truman was appearing to fear us with the Korean War was an idea to concise us with. Truman’s moral ideals had tried to shape a society within 1945 to 1952. America under Truman was the only country to use the atomic bomb. This helped to create a deep mutual suspicion between the Soviet Union, and had made Truman appear to be involved in affairs, which he did not have much understanding of, or lack of even trying to understand. It is in my firm belief that revisionists are right! There was a great deal of deep mutual suspicions made from Truman’s impact. Truman did not succeed the fair deal because of the spending of too much economics and time into foreign policies. He did not even have much awareness and understanding of foreign policies. Truman tried to set up a fair deal that would save liberalism. This would help America to have its own body of reflection on the role that society needed. At first, Truman did set up programs such as the Employment Act of 1946, The Wagner Taft Housing Act 1949, and National Health Insurance. All of these progr...

Organisation's entry into a foreign market - internationalisation Essay

Organisation's entry into a foreign market - internationalisation process - Essay Example As these factors could be influenced by local cultural, political, social and economic issues, they have to be studied in an in-depth manner before entering the foreign market, and that will be focus of this report. Introduction Organizations wanting to achieve optimal success will always want to expand their geographical and financial ‘boundaries’, thus going on the path of internationalization. That is, organizations could think of entering newer or foreign markets after achieving sizable success in their domestic markets or due to strong competition or saturation in their domestic market or importantly after seeing feasible and good opportunities in foreign market or markets particularly due globalization facilitated opportunities, etc. Thus, internationalisation is kind of becoming a happening concept used by many organizations to expand their reach globally. â€Å"As the global economy expands, as more products and services compete on a global basis and as more and more firms operate outside their countries of origin, the impact on various business functions becomes more pronounced† (Briscoe and Schuler 2004). Whatever be the motivations or objectives for the organizations to enter foreign markets, it is of crucial importance for that organization to study that foreign market in a deep and extensive manner. According to Hill (2009), if a firm wants to expand its business to overseas markets, it must evaluate the potential of country and the country specific factors. Recruitment process After the organizations make its entry, to start their operations there organizations will have to send their own employees who are working in their home operations, then will initiate the recruitment process to recruit the local qualified employees and could also bring in employees from other Third countries. This factor of recruitment is in line with the theoretical concept of recruiting the three types of employees, Parent Country nationals (PCNs) who are brought from home operations, Host country nationals (HCNs) who are local employees and finally Third Country nationals (TCNs) (Scullion & Collings 2006). Among these three groups of employees, organizations has to focus maximally on the HCNs. Entering organizations are duty bound to recruit high number of HCNs because they have to give something to the population that host their organization and also for practical purposes including low cost labour, logistical reasons, etc. Thus, when qualified at the same time low cost labour is available, entering organizations can achieve two objectives in one stroke. Peng and Meyer (2011) discusses about this recruitment process by stating how it involves â€Å"identification of suitable local employees, convincing them to apply for a job, and selecting the most suitable candidates for each job.† Management of recruited employees After recruitment process, organizations have to consider the factor of aptly managing culturally differe nt employees. That is, as each country will have certain distinct cultural traditions, and as the local employees would have imbued those traditions, it could be visible during their functioning, thereby necessitating apt management. Like the above mentioned recruitment process, during organization functioning, it would be better for the organization to prepare and promote local employees to managerial positions. This is line with the theoretical concept that the organizations operating in foreign soils should follow polycentric